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The 1993 Jack in the Box ''E. coli'' outbreak occurred when 732 people were infected with the ''Escherichia coli'' O157:H7 bacterium originating from undercooked beef patties in hamburgers. The outbreak involved 73 Jack in the Box restaurants in California, Idaho, Washington and Nevada and has been described as "far and away the most infamous food poison outbreak in contemporary history." The majority of the victims were children aged under 10-years old. Four children died and 178 other victims were left with permanent injury including kidney and brain damage. The wide media coverage and scale of the outbreak were responsible for "bringing the exotic-sounding bacterium out of the lab and into the public consciousness" but it was not the first ''E. coli'' O157:H7 outbreak resulting from undercooked patties. The bacterium had previously been identified in an outbreak of food poisoning in 1982 (traced to undercooked burgers sold by McDonald's restaurants in Oregon and Michigan) and prior to the Jack in the Box incident there had been 22 documented outbreaks in the United States resulting in 35 deaths. ==Victims== 171 people required hospitalization. The majority of the victims who presented symptoms and were clinically diagnosed (but not hospitalized) were children aged under 10 years old. 45 of the infected children required hospitalization, of whom 38 suffered serious kidney problems and 21 required dialysis. 4 children died: *6-year-old Lauren Beth Rudolph of Southern California, who died on December 28, 1992, due to complications of an ''E. coli'' O157:H7 infection later tied to the same outbreak. * 2-year-old Michael Nole of Tacoma, WA, who died on Jan. 22, 1993. * 2-year-old Celina Shribbs of Mountlake Terrace, WA, who died on January 28, 1993. She became ill due to a secondary contact transmission from another child sick with ''E.coli''. * 17-month-old Riley Detwiler of Bellingham, WA, who died on February 20, 1993 following secondary contact transmission from another child sick with ''E.coli.'' The 18-month-old boy who infected Riley had spent two days in the daycare center before a clinical laboratory could return the positive test results for ''E. coli''. His mother suspected he had ''E. coli'', but did not tell the daycare staff for fear that he would be sent home. When the test results finally came in positive for ''E. coli'', county health officials could not reach the child’s parents in the middle of the workday. Both parents worked at Jack in the Box, where they regularly fed their son hamburgers.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「1993 Jack in the Box E. coli outbreak」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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